Alan Turing, a highly esteemed figure in computer science, made significant contributions to the field during the mid-20th century. Notably, he played a vital role in decrypting German codes in World War II, a feat of immense importance. Additionally, Turing's creation of the Turing Machine laid the foundation for modern computing principles. Despite facing discrimination due to his sexual orientation, Turing's legacy remains pivotal in shaping computer science.